What changing the hot water system actually involves
Losing the loft to a conversion generally forces a decision about the hot water system that owners would otherwise never make, and it is worth understanding the three options rather than accepting whichever the plumber prefers. A traditional vented system uses a large cold water storage tank in the roof to feed the cylinder and the taps by gravity, with a small feed and expansion tank serving the heating. It is simple and forgiving, but the pressure at the outlets depends entirely on the height of the tank above them, which is why top-floor showers in these houses are so often disappointing — and it is exactly that height that the conversion removes. Option one is an unvented cylinder: stored hot water at mains pressure, which gives strong, balanced flow at every outlet and suits a house with more than one bathroom. It is a pressure vessel, so it must be installed by a suitably qualified person, it needs a safe discharge route for the temperature and pressure relief valves that terminates somewhere it cannot scald anyone, and it needs annual servicing. It is also physically large. Option two is a combination boiler, which heats water on demand and removes stored hot water entirely, freeing the cupboard as well as the loft. It suits a smaller household well and a house with several simultaneous demands poorly, because flow rate is limited by the boiler and by the incoming mains. Option three, where the incoming main is weak, is a cold water accumulator or a pumped system, which reintroduces stored cold water at low level to make up for a mains supply that cannot deliver the flow an unvented cylinder needs. Which is right turns on the number of bathrooms, the household’s pattern of use, and — critically — a measurement of the incoming mains flow and pressure, which takes ten minutes and settles the question. Taking that measurement before the loft design is fixed is what stops a specification being written for a system the house cannot supply.